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Deconstruction and Construction
With the pace of technological change, the U.S. education system is under unprecedented and much-needed pressure to creatively reinvent itself. This process is...
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Media Literacy: Change Management
"In preparation for landing, please turn off your books!" the flight attendant announced to passengers busy with their e-readers in an April 2010 New...
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Revised and updated in fall, 2003, this document is a selected survey of the growth of the media literacy movement in the United States and why media literacy education should be seen as preferable...
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LOS ANGELES, Sept. 27 (UPI) — As top Hollywood studio officials prepared to testify on Capitol Hill about marketing violent images to...
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Is the relationship between media and societal violence a function of the quantity of the images or the way the violence is presented?
A 1981 study comparing Japanese and American television found...
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As a parent of two small children who is concerned about the impact of film and television violence, I was glad to read that John Malkovich also worries about the effects of movie mayhem on young...
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When Dr. Deborah Prothrow-Stith, assistant dean of Harvard University’s School of Public Health, begins one of her speeches on the growing crisis of violence in society, she often tells the...
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The heavenly hoopla continues. While the righteous religious right of presidential-minded Pat Robertson, Gospel-honking Jimmy Swaggart and TV-dancing Jerry Falwell rules the headlines and airwaves...
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Media&Values is more than a magazine. It's a tool, a catalyst, for leading you — or helping you to lead others — from awareness to action on the many issues raised by today's mass...
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Researchers are studying the fusion of aggression and eroticism in film and video. They're asking whether it's creating a climate in which sexual violence is more acceptable in real life.
For...
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There has been ample documentation in the past few years that the mass media are hardly a girl's best friend. It seems as if every time we turn on the TV or open a magazine advertisers try to make...
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I was a high school student when William Freidkin's The Exorcist found its way to theaters in my Midwest hometown. In light of what has hit the screens since, the movie's special effects and horror...
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Students at the Brown School in Newburyport, MA were asked whether they have ever seen someone get hurt. All of them - nearly 300 kids in kindergarten through fourth grade - raised their hands....
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"Doublespeak is not lying, nor is it merely sloppy language. It is the intentional use of euphemisms, synonyms, jargon, and vagueness which pretends to communicate but really does not, or implies the...
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Students of television have identified more than one way of viewing its role as a cultural force. Recognition of the meanings it transmits, the way its programming is driven by economic...
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The mass media have long influenced the popular image of minorities. From the 19th century's slanted journalism and caricaturing ethnic cartoons to the insinuating imagery of contemporary motion...
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The media analysts are right. Television may be "the major educating and socializing institution in America." So what does it teach about minorities?
TV news offers glimpses into minority...
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The conventional wisdom about minorities in advertising goes something like this: In the bad old days, before the civil rights movement of the 1960s, minorities seldom appeared in mainstream media...
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At first glance it looked like The Return of the Rainbow Coalition. First Whoopie Goldberg, then Edward James Olmos took the platform to rouse the crowd to action.
But it wasn't a minority rally....
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Ethnic segregation within rock music culture? Maybe yes, maybe no. But there certainly are ethnic musical neighborhoods. In current sales lingo, that's called market segmentation... in this case,...
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TV has been teaching the American public since the 1940s. Movies, however, have been providing informal sex education since the turn of the century. But what have movies taught about minority teen...
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Since the demise of the draft, minorities have become an increasing part of the nation's armed forces. Recruitment campaigns feature minority role models, with ads inviting them to "be all that...
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Television has given a new, visual dimension to the ever-present racial subtext that runs like a thread through much of American politics. Although race has certainly been a sometimes unstated...
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From an ethnic perspective, there is another dimension to the issue of sexual violence in the media. It is not just a question of what and how screen sexual violence occurs. It is also a question of...
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Help your class or discussion group become more aware of minority media. Assign one of the following activities as an individual journal experience or a group report:
Check the Internet to find and...
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The "Information Age" is dawning. We all know it, we see it around us in new products and services which come on the market almost daily.
To the average consumer, this might appear to be a...
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With Canadian troops serving in the United Nations task force and U.S. television beamed across the border, Canadian perspectives of Gulf War coverage were often similar...
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I've got a pet theory (I've got a couple of them, actually, but only one is worth sharing with you here). People are smarter than they think they are; they're also more creative than they think they...
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Whither the book?
In the future, a book may be bought as a bubble-wrapped package containing a dust jacket together with a computer chip from which a reader prints out the text at home.
Publishers...
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Few experiences penetrate memory as thoroughly as Arctic winds pierce unprotected flesh. In Alaska, images of communication technology reshaping the lives of subsistence Inuit, or Eskimo, peoples can...
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Another woman, who identified herself as a school teacher, said: "When TV came to my village I saw an immediate change. The kids lost all interest in the native language. They only wanted...
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The Media Commission of The National Council of Teachers of English met at the NCTE conference in Seattle in November 1991 to explore and evaluate a number of issues central to the future of media...
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Among media insiders, the continuing debate on television and violence has focused most recently on a 1982 report from the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) entitled Television and Behavior...
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We do not admire what we cannot understand. I forget who said that, but it's true.
The more people learn about the media, the more that knowledge changes our perceptions — changes how we look...
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I'm riding on a subway in New York City when I see a ballet-like hand weave between the packed-in crowd and slip into a pocket. What you did isn't right," I find...
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Because many 21stcentury homes are equipped with more robust technology than most schools, there is often a significant disconnect between students' thinking and classroom demands. Students emerging...
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An ecumenical consultation on "Satellite Communications and the Church," sponsored last fall by the National Council of Churches in New York City stretched one's awareness in many directions. The...
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When I read the daily newspaper or watch the evening news, what is missing often upsets me as much as what is there. What is missing frequently seems to be the truth.
Of...
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Objectivity, n. (Apparently,) The practice of presenting both sides of an issue. Spend a week watching any of the network news reports and you are likely to conclude that all issues have only two...
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I made a resolution years ago to stop watching cop shows right before I went to bed. The corpses and car chases gave me nightmares. More and more often, the broadcasts open with the "nightside...
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In bold, large letters, the August 7, 1989 issue of Time magazine asked: "Is She Worth It?" The she was Diane Sawyer, prime-time newscaster, who had just landed a plum of a job with ABC....
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Millions of Americans were virtually glued to their TV sets during the 1984 Olympic Games in Los Angeles.
But the extensive and exclusive coverage provided by the American Broadcasting Company (ABC)...
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When Walter Cronkite signs off each night with "that's the way it is,'' one might realistically request another half-hour of the very same news stories, but presented from another point of view...
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This article examines the political, economic, historic, and cultural explanations for why the United States lags behind other major English-speaking countries in the formal delivery of media...
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The moments of surrender proposed to us by video texts come in many forms, but all involve a complex dynamic of power and pleasure. We are, for instance, offered a kind of power through the...
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A major complaint often heard about the coverage of any campaign is, "Why don't they cover the issues? As a reporter, I would argue that we do, but our audience doesn't focus on them. Journalists...
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An orthodoxy is a strong point of view. It often starts from a philosophy or an ideology, and ends up as a way of seeing the entire world. Some orthodoxies come from religions, some from politics,...
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"No street-corner crack dealer ever had a better line than the one Madison Avenue delivers at every commercial break: Buy now! Quick thrills!" - Barbara Ehrenreich, Ms.
When the Media&...
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If you're like most people, you're dubious, to say the least, about the possibility of talking to your ORT screen.
But the prospect of interactive computer technology, in which you put information...
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As a graduate student just arrived from Zambia to study at Syracuse University in 1968-9, I developed the habit of scanning the local papers for news from my home continent.
It was a pretty futile...
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Jail is a cold place. Walls of thick concrete block every intrusion by the sun. The cells, too, are made of concrete, and plexiglass and iron. Refrigerator-bright fluorescent lights announce the day...
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When it comes to media, our children are mass consumers.
On average, each of them spends 1,500 hours a year watching television. Roughly 17 million children and teens have Internet access in their...
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The movement for media literacy in the United States has emerged from a plethora of individual projects and activities throughout the country, each sustained more often than not by the passion...
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Our local newspaper ran an ad recently which contended that a much higher percentage of American teenage women get pregnant than a similar population in Sweden. I don't know if that information is...
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Older viewers face a confusing TV world. Despite recent improvements, over-50 characters are all too often stereotyped or ignored. Crime and violence featured on news and action shows contribute to...
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Recently, my local newspaper ran a review of a comedian's live show that focused on his male bravado and his rather brutal putdown of women. The reviewer noted that the audience, mostly young and...
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The word is now out officially and it has been delivered by no less a source than priest-sociologist Andrew Greeley in the New York Times. Greeley reports that the most popular preacher in America is...
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At the end of the movie The Candidate the victorious contender, played by Robert Redford, emerges from a room in his headquarters hotel, turns to his crafty campaign manager and asks, "What do I do...
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Since ancient times, the holding of sports events has been linked to religious experience.
In Greece, the Olympics were only one set of athletic contests performed in honor of the gods and goddesses...
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A funny thing happened on the way to our cable television studio. We were talking about lining up guests for our new fall programs and the main topics that kept coming up were sex and violence. Oh,...
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With a million other demands to consider, why should a pastor take the time to study media? Even more important, with all the issues in the world, why should media claim a slot on the agenda for...
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A good phrase deserves, if not demands, a turn or two. So it was at a recent civic gathering that the official "prayer" of the day, a priest, took the theme of the Army's current advertising campaign...
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"Have you heard the one about...?" Successful jokes depend on the irony and inconsistency that underlie humor. Recently, far too many of those introductions seem to lead directly to a punch line...
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Once upon a time the computer was a big machine with millions of vacuum tubes that lived in an air conditioned room. People were either afraid of it or in awe of those who knew its secrets
Then it...
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Chitrabani, a Christian communication center in Calcutta, India, has developed a set of guidelines for still photography which provide thoughtful insights for all who go around 'shooting pictures...
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Photolanguage is a technique that utilizes evocative and symbolic pictures for self-expression, communications and group development.
The term was coined in France in the mid-1960s by the religious...
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If traditional culture defined a world where only the wealthy had access to beautiful color pictures--oil paintings--the proliferation of advertising images put, for the first time...
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Editor's Note (1983):
Communications has provided the legs for bias, carrying it from person to person, generation to generation. Communicators can help end discrimination by selecting not only...
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An innovative afterschool program in three Kansas City, Kansas neighborhoods is one of the early "success stories" for the CML's Beyond Blame: Challenging Violence...
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"A velvet silence calms the tropical night – a silence so profound that it can be felt. As the sea murmurs outside and f lowers perfume the air, the tense circles of exultant spectators...
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"A symbiosis has developed between sports and the mass media. Sports are used to promote newspaper sales, to sell advertising space, and to win lucrative con tracts for television and radio. In turn...
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We see them everywhere: on billboards, in magazines, on bus placards. They come in the mail and in our Sunday newspapers: glossy pictures of women and men in silk robes, pictures of electric twin-...
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Distress over the state of political reporting has now become a regular feature of every presidential campaign season. Candidates blame the press for focusing on the "horse race" to the exclusion of...
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From Saturday morning cartoons to Nintendo, advertising and movies, parents worry about media's impact on their children. Are their fears justified? How much can parents and teachers influence...
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The recent spate of books on the Reagan presidency, in the words of a former White House occupant, has made one thing perfectly clear: Modern politicians excel in using media to display their...
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In a perfect TV world, the tube would reflect the great diversity and variety of our society. Obviously, it does not. The reasons for this failure lie in our constant struggle to find a balance...
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To be a functioning adult in a mediated society, one needs to be able to distinguish between different media forms and know how to ask basic questions about everything we watch, read or hear....
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War films contain powerful images not only about war, but about our society and ourselves. Whether you see a film in the theater or at home on a VCR, these questions can help you, your family or...
